Prior to the design and construction of garden plots, a number of factors may need to be considered.
When choosing a location, it may be important to consider factors such as sun, drainage, etc. Availability of water and vehicle access may influence location choices.
In some areas, HOA rules or local regulations may also apply to gardens and other landscaping projects.
In some situations, soil tests may be useful prior to beginning a garden plot. A variety of soil tests are available for pH, trace elements, and detection of heavy metals or other pollutants. Soil tests are available from state agencies or commercial service providers.
Once a site is selected, the design process can begin. A number of traditional garden layouts exist that are adaptable to most projects.
After choosing the size and shape of the production area, gardeners can allocate plots to specific crops.
In addition to production plots, space should be allocated for equipment storage, composting, and other needs.
A common practice among beginner gardeners is to till a large plot and overplant. Large garden projects can require considerable labor. As the season progresses, gardeners can suffer burnout caused by unpredictable weather, weeds, pest control, disease, over production, and other issues.
Once the garden layout is resolved, tilling or turning of the soil is usually called for. Tilling is generally done in the spring but only after the soil becomes dry enough to break apart easily. Tilling too early can cause problems, especially in soils with a high clay content.
In many cases, garden soils will need some amount of remediation. Popular additions include liming, traditional pelleted fertilizer, compost, manure, peat moss, sand, or other products.
If raised or ground level beds will be used, those will need to be laid out and pathways created.
Acquiring seeds, seedlings, bulbs, plants, and other will also need to be done. When planting begins, gardeners need to monitor plots for a variety of needs.
Seeds and young plants need frequent care including watering, weeding, and monitoring for insect infestations, diseases, or other problems.
In some areas, animal damage is possible. The list of troublemakers can include dogs, cats, deer, rabbits, rodents, birds, and others.
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